Which organ is primarily responsible for producing insulin?

The pancreas is the organ primarily responsible for producing insulin, which is a vital hormone that regulates blood sugar levels in the body. Insulin facilitates the uptake of glucose by cells, enabling them to use it for energy or storage, thereby maintaining normal blood glucose levels. The pancreas has specialized cells called beta cells within the islets of Langerhans that specifically produce and secrete insulin in response to elevated blood sugar levels, such as after eating.

The liver, while playing a crucial role in glucose metabolism and storage, does not produce insulin. Instead, it responds to insulin by taking up glucose and converting it to glycogen. The kidneys are involved in filtering blood and regulating electrolytes and water balance, but they do not produce insulin. The gallbladder primarily stores bile produced by the liver and does not have a role in insulin production.